Learning Sundanese: a practical guide
This is a written companion to the free Sundanese course on LanguagePath: what the language is like, how it sounds, the phrases you will use first, how the course is structured, and what to watch out for. Everything here comes from the same lessons you can practise interactively above.
What Sundanese is like
Sundanese is an Austronesian language. Like Indonesian it is SVO (subject-verb-object), has no verb tenses, and forms plurals by doubling the word: budak = child, budak-budak = children. Two small particles add flavour — teh marks the topic and mah stresses it. There is no one-word verb 'to be': Abdi murid = I (am) a student. Sundanese also uses polite speech registers (undak-usuk basa), so abdi (I) and anjeun (you) are the safe, respectful forms to use.
Words you may already know
Pronunciation notes
Sundanese is written in the Latin alphabet and sounds softer and rounder than Indonesian. A few letters and one vowel (eu) need a little practice — learn these and you can read almost any word aloud.
- c — always "ch" as in church, as in cai = CHAI · roti = ROH-tee.
- j — always "j" as in jam, as in jamban = JAHM-bahn.
- ng — one sound, as in "sing", as in sangu = SANG-goo.
- ny — as in "canyon", as in anyar = AHN-yar.
- eu — a one-of-a-kind vowel, between "e" and "u" — no English match, as in beurang = BUH-rahng · eusi = UH-see.
- é — closed "é" as in café, as in énjing = EN-jeeng.
- e — open, neutral "e" (a soft "uh") — not the same as é, as in téh = teh (a particle).
- k — a final -k is a glottal stop — a quick catch in the throat, not a hard "k", as in budak = BOO-dah' (kid).
First phrases
The pocket phrases below are the ones learners reach for most often. Say each one out loud a few times before moving on.
| Sundanese | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Halo | HAH-loh | Hello |
| Wilujeng énjing | wee-LOO-juhng EN-jeeng | Good morning |
| Wilujeng wengi | wee-LOO-juhng WENG-ee | Good evening / night |
| Sampurasun | sam-poo-RAH-soon | Greetings (respectful) |
| Kumaha damang? | koo-MAH-hah DAH-mahng | How are you? |
| Abdi damang | ahb-dee DAH-mahng | I'm well |
| Wilujeng tepang | wee-LOO-juhng tuh-PAHNG | Nice to meet you |
| Nami abdi Alex | NAH-mee ahb-dee | My name is... |
| Hatur nuhun | HAH-toor NOO-hoon | Thank you |
| Punten | POON-ten | Excuse me / please |
| Sami-sami | SAH-mee SAH-mee | You're welcome |
| Mangga | MAHNG-gah | Please / here you go |
| Leres | luh-REHS | Yes / correct |
| Henteu | huhn-TUH | No / not |
| Hiji | HEE-jee | 1 |
| Dua | DOO-ah | 2 |
| Tilu | TEE-loo | 3 |
| Opat | OH-pat | 4 |
| Lima | LEE-mah | 5 |
| Sapuluh | sah-POO-looh | 10 |
| Cai | CHAI | Water |
| Sangu | SANG-goo | Rice |
| Entéh | un-TEH | Tea |
| Kopi | KOH-pee | Coffee |
| Ngeunah | nguh-NAH | Delicious |
| Abdi hoyong... | ahb-dee HOY-yong | I want... |
| Di mana...? | dee MAH-nah | Where is...? |
| Katuhu | kah-TOO-hoo | To the right |
| Kénca | KEN-chah | To the left |
| Lempeng | luhm-PUHNG | Straight ahead |
How the Sundanese course is structured
The course has 16 short lessons that build on each other. Each one introduces a few new pieces and then asks you to construct sentences you have never seen, before revealing the answer:
- Greetings — halo · wilujeng énjing · sampurasun
- Being polite — hatur nuhun · punten · kumaha
- Numbers 1–10 — hiji · dua · tilu · sapuluh
- I want" — abdi hoyong — abdi · hoyong · naon
- Food & drink — cai · sangu · entéh · kopi
- Getting around — di mana · katuhu · kénca · lempeng
- Questions — naon · saha · iraha · kumaha
- Family & people — kulawarga · ibu · bapa · anak
- Time, days & weather — ayeuna · isuk-isuk · dinten · hujan
- Your name — nami · abdi · anjeun
- Emergency — tulung · pitulung · teu ngarti
- Tying it together — a capstone in Sundanese
- Airport & tickets — bandara · paspor · tikét · penerbangan
- The taxi — taksi · angkat · hotél · eureun
- The hotel — reservasi · kamar · konci · peuting
- Ask for help — teu ngarti · laun · Inggris
Inside the lessons
Here is how a few of the lessons explain the language, with worked examples and the word-by-word breakdown the course uses.
Greetings
Key pieces: halo · wilujeng énjing · sampurasun
Let's start with the word you'll use most: halo — hello. Say it out loud.
- halo (HAH-loh) — hello
- wilujeng énjing (wee-LOO-juhng EN-jeeng) — good morning
- wilujeng wengi (wee-LOO-juhng WENG-ee) — good evening / night
- wilujeng sumping (wee-LOO-juhng SOOM-peeng) — welcome
- sampurasun (sam-poo-RAH-soon) — greetings (respectful hello)
To say “Good morning” in Sundanese: Wilujeng énjing (wee-LOO-juhng EN-jeeng). Built from wilujeng = well / safe; énjing = morning.
sampurasun is a warm, respectful greeting — often used with a slight bow. Say it with a smile.
To say “Hello, greetings” in Sundanese: Halo, sampurasun (HAH-loh, sam-poo-RAH-soon). Built from halo = hello; sampurasun = greetings.
Being polite
Key pieces: hatur nuhun · punten · kumaha
Two words open every door: hatur nuhun (thank you) and punten (excuse me / please).
- hatur nuhun (HAH-toor NOO-hoon) — thank you
- punten (POON-ten) — excuse me / please / sorry
- sami-sami (SAH-mee SAH-mee) — you're welcome
- kumaha damang? (koo-MAH-hah DAH-mahng) — how are you?
- abdi damang (ahb-dee DAH-mahng) — I'm well
To say “Thank you” in Sundanese: Hatur nuhun (HAH-toor NOO-hoon). Built from hatur nuhun = thank you.
To get someone's attention, squeeze past, or soften a request, say punten . It covers "excuse me", "sorry" and "please".
To say “I'm well, thank you” in Sundanese: Abdi damang, hatur nuhun (ahb-dee DAH-mahng, HAH-toor NOO-hoon). Built from abdi = I; damang = well; hatur nuhun = thank you.
Numbers 1–10
Key pieces: hiji · dua · tilu · sapuluh
Numbers are the fastest win. Say them with me: hiji, dua, tilu .
- hiji (HEE-jee) — 1
- dua (DOO-ah) — 2
- tilu (TEE-loo) — 3
- opat (OH-pat) — 4
- lima (LEE-mah) — 5
- genep (guh-NEP) — 6
- tujuh (TOO-jooh) — 7
- dalapan (dah-LAH-pahn) — 8
- salapan (sah-LAH-pahn) — 9
- sapuluh (sah-POO-looh) — 10
To say “Two coffees, please” in Sundanese: Dua kopi, punten (DOO-ah KOH-pee, POON-ten). Built from dua = two; kopi = coffee; punten = please.
To ask a price: Sabaraha? — how much? Useful everywhere.
To say “How much is it?” in Sundanese: Sabaraha? (sah-bah-RAH-hah). Built from sabaraha = how much.
To say “It's five thousand” in Sundanese: Lima rébu (LEE-mah RAY-boo). Built from lima = five; rébu = thousand.
I want" — abdi hoyong
Key pieces: abdi · hoyong · naon
The phrase to order or ask for anything: Abdi hoyong… — I want…. Put a noun after it.
abdi = I (polite). hoyong = want.
To say “I want coffee” in Sundanese: Abdi hoyong kopi (ahb-dee HOY-yong KOH-pee). Built from abdi = I; hoyong = want; kopi = coffee.
To say “I want water” in Sundanese: Abdi hoyong cai (ahb-dee HOY-yong CHAI). Built from abdi = I; hoyong = want; cai = water.
To offer or ask politely: Bade? — would you like to? / are you going to?
To say “I want tea, please” in Sundanese: Abdi hoyong entéh, punten (ahb-dee HOY-yong un-TEH, POON-ten). Built from abdi = I; hoyong = want; entéh = tea; punten = please.
Food & drink
Key pieces: cai · sangu · entéh · kopi
Hungry or thirsty? Key words: cai (water), sangu (rice), kopi (coffee).
- cai (CHAI) — water
- sangu (SANG-goo) — cooked rice
- entéh (un-TEH) — tea Memory hook: ≈ English tea.
- kopi (KOH-pee) — coffee Memory hook: ≈ English coffee.
- roti (ROH-tee) — bread
To say “Water, please” in Sundanese: Cai, punten (CHAI, POON-ten). Built from cai = water; punten = please.
sareng = and. So cai sareng kopi = water and coffee.
To say “I want rice and coffee” in Sundanese: Abdi hoyong sangu sareng kopi (ahb-dee HOY-yong SANG-goo SAH-rehng KOH-pee). Built from abdi = I; hoyong = want; sangu = rice; sareng = and; kopi = coffee.
To say “It's delicious!” in Sundanese: Ngeunah pisan! (nguh-NAH PEE-sahn). Built from ngeunah = delicious; pisan = very.
Getting around
Key pieces: di mana · katuhu · kénca · lempeng
The most useful question in any town: Di mana…? — where is…?
- di mana...? (dee MAH-nah) — Where is...?
- katuhu (kah-TOO-hoo) — to the right
- kénca (KEN-chah) — to the left
- lempeng (luhm-PUHNG) — straight ahead
- stasion (stah-SYON) — the station Memory hook: ≈ English station.
To say “Where is the station?” in Sundanese: Di mana stasion? (dee MAH-nah stah-SYON). Built from di mana = where; stasion = the station.
katuhu and kénca are right and left. Straight ahead is lempeng .
To say “Where is the bathroom?” in Sundanese: Di mana jamban? (dee MAH-nah JAHM-bahn). Built from di mana = where; jamban = the bathroom.
To say “Straight ahead, thank you” in Sundanese: Lempeng, hatur nuhun (luhm-PUHNG, HAH-toor NOO-hoon). Built from lempeng = straight ahead; hatur nuhun = thank you.
Questions
Key pieces: naon · saha · iraha · kumaha
Question words let you get information fast. naon = what, saha = who.
- naon (NAH-on) — what
- saha (SAH-hah) — who
- iraha (ee-RAH-hah) — when
- kumaha (koo-MAH-hah) — how
- di mana (dee MAH-nah) — where
- sabaraha (sah-bah-RAH-hah) — how much
To say “What is this?” in Sundanese: Naon ieu? (NAH-on ee-UH). Built from naon = what; ieu = this.
Point things out with ieu (this) and éta (that).
To say “Who is that?” in Sundanese: Saha éta? (SAH-hah EH-tah). Built from saha = who; éta = that.
To say “How much is it?” in Sundanese: Sabaraha ieu? (sah-bah-RAH-hah ee-UH). Built from sabaraha = how much; ieu = this.
Family & people
Key pieces: kulawarga · ibu · bapa · anak
Family words: kulawarga (family), ibu (mother), bapa (father).
- kulawarga (koo-lah-WAR-gah) — family
- ibu (EE-boo) — mother
- bapa (BAH-pah) — father
- anak (AH-nahk) — child
- lanceuk (LAHN-cheuh-k) — older sibling
- adi (AH-dee) — younger sibling
To say “I have a family” in Sundanese: Abdi gaduh kulawarga (ahb-dee GAH-doo koo-lah-WAR-gah). Built from abdi = I; gaduh = have; kulawarga = family.
gaduh = to have. Abdi gaduh… = I have…
To say “This is my child” in Sundanese: Ieu anak abdi (ee-UH AH-nahk ahb-dee). Built from ieu = this; anak = child; abdi = my.
Time, days & weather
Key pieces: ayeuna · isuk-isuk · dinten · hujan
Time words first: ayeuna = now, kamari = yesterday, isuk-isuk = tomorrow.
To say “See you tomorrow” in Sundanese: Wilujeng, isuk-isuk (wee-LOO-juhng, EE-sook EE-sook). Built from wilujeng = goodbye / safe; isuk-isuk = tomorrow.
Weather is an easy icebreaker: hujan = rain, panas = hot, tiis = cold. Ask Kumaha cuaca? — how's the weather?
- ayeuna (ah-YUH-nah) — now / today
- kamari (kah-MAH-ree) — yesterday
- isuk-isuk (EE-sook EE-sook) — tomorrow
- dinten (DEEN-ten) — day
- hujan (HOO-jahn) — rain
- panas (PAH-nahs) — hot
- tiis (TEE-ees) — cold
- kumaha cuaca? (koo-MAH-hah choo-AH-chah) — how's the weather?
To say “It's raining” in Sundanese: Hujan (HOO-jahn). Built from hujan = rain.
Your name
Key pieces: nami · abdi · anjeun
Introduce yourself: Nami abdi… = my name is…. nami = name, abdi = I.
To say “My name is Alex” in Sundanese: Nami abdi Alex (NAH-mee ahb-dee Alex). Built from nami = name; abdi = my; Alex = your name.
To ask someone's name: Saha nami anjeun? anjeun = you (polite).
To say “What's your name?” in Sundanese: Saha nami anjeun? (SAH-hah NAH-mee ahn-JUHN). Built from saha = who; nami = name; anjeun = you.
To say “My name is Adam, nice to meet you” in Sundanese: Nami abdi Adam, wilujeng tepang (NAH-mee ahb-dee AH-dahm, wee-LOO-juhng tuh-PAHNG). Built from nami abdi = my name is; wilujeng tepang = nice to meet you.
Emergency
Key pieces: tulung · pitulung · teu ngarti
The most important word if you need help: tulung! — help!
- tulung! (TOO-loong) — help!
- pitulung (pee-TOO-loong) — help / assistance
- abdi teu ngarti (ahb-dee tuh NGAR-tee) — I don't understand
- dukter (DOOK-tur) — doctor
- jamban (JAHM-bahn) — toilet / bathroom
To say “Help!” in Sundanese: Tulung! (TOO-loong). Built from tulung = help.
Abdi peryogi pitulung = I need help. teu = not, ngarti = understand.
To say “I need help” in Sundanese: Abdi peryogi pitulung (ahb-dee puh-RYOH-gee pee-TOO-loong). Built from abdi = I; peryogi = need; pitulung = help.
To say “I don't understand” in Sundanese: Abdi teu ngarti (ahb-dee tuh NGAR-tee). Built from abdi = I; teu = not; ngarti = understand.
Tying it together
Key pieces: a capstone in Sundanese
Great — you've built a real toolkit. This finale uses only words you've met. Build each line before revealing it.
To say “Good morning!” in Sundanese: Wilujeng énjing! (wee-LOO-juhng EN-jeeng). Built from wilujeng = well / safe; énjing = morning.
To say “I want coffee, please” in Sundanese: Abdi hoyong kopi, punten (ahb-dee HOY-yong KOH-pee, POON-ten). Built from abdi = I; hoyong = want; kopi = coffee; punten = please.
To say “Where is the station?” in Sundanese: Di mana stasion? (dee MAH-nah stah-SYON). Built from di mana = where; stasion = the station.
To say “How much is it?” in Sundanese: Sabaraha ieu? (sah-bah-RAH-hah ee-UH). Built from sabaraha = how much; ieu = this.
Airport & tickets
Key pieces: bandara · paspor · tikét · penerbangan
You have landed. The building is the bandara . Your document is a paspor .
- bandara (bahn-DAH-rah) — the airport
- paspor (PAS-por) — the passport
- tikét (tee-KET) — the ticket
- penerbangan (puh-nuhr-BAHNG-ahn) — the flight
- gerbang (guhr-BAHNG) — the gate
To say “Where is the airport?” in Sundanese: Di mana bandara? (dee MAH-nah bahn-DAH-rah). Built from di mana = where; bandara = the airport.
To say “Here is my passport” in Sundanese: Ieu paspor abdi (ee-UH PAS-por ahb-dee). Built from ieu = here is; paspor abdi = my passport.
To say “A ticket, please” in Sundanese: Tikét, punten (tee-KET, POON-ten). Built from tikét = ticket; punten = please.
To say “Where is the gate?” in Sundanese: Di mana gerbang? (dee MAH-nah guhr-BAHNG). Built from di mana = where; gerbang = the gate.
The taxi
Key pieces: taksi · angkat · hotél · eureun
The driver is waiting. taksi is the word you need. Tell them where to go with abdi hoyong angkat .
- taksi (TAHK-see) — the taxi
- supir (SOO-peer) — the driver
- abdi hoyong angkat (ahb-dee HOY-yong AHNG-kat) — I want to go
- eureun di dieu (uh-RUHN dee dee-UH) — stop here
To say “Taxi, please” in Sundanese: Taksi, punten (TAHK-see, POON-ten). Built from taksi = taxi; punten = please.
To say “I want to go to the hotel” in Sundanese: Abdi hoyong angkat ka hotél (ahb-dee HOY-yong AHNG-kat kah ho-TEL). Built from abdi hoyong = I want; angkat ka hotél = to go to the hotel.
To say “Stop here, please” in Sundanese: Eureun di dieu, punten (uh-RUHN dee dee-UH, POON-ten). Built from eureun di dieu = stop here; punten = please.
To say “How much is it?” in Sundanese: Sabaraha? (sah-bah-RAH-hah). Built from sabaraha = how much.
The hotel
Key pieces: reservasi · kamar · konci · peuting
At the desk: Abdi gaduh reservasi — I have a reservation.
- hotél (ho-TEL) — the hotel
- reservasi (reh-sehr-VAH-see) — the reservation
- kamar (KAH-mar) — the room
- konci (KOHN-chee) — the key
- sapeuting (sah-puh-TEENG) — one night
To say “I have a reservation” in Sundanese: Abdi gaduh reservasi (ahb-dee GAH-doo reh-sehr-VAH-see). Built from abdi gaduh = I have; reservasi = a reservation.
To say “A room for one night, please” in Sundanese: Kamar sapeuting, punten (KAH-mar sah-puh-TEENG, POON-ten). Built from kamar = a room; sapeuting = one night; punten = please.
To say “The key, please” in Sundanese: Konci, punten (KOHN-chee, POON-ten). Built from konci = the key; punten = please.
To say “Where is my room?” in Sundanese: Di mana kamar abdi? (dee MAH-nah KAH-mar ahb-dee). Built from di mana = where; kamar abdi = my room.
Ask for help
Key pieces: teu ngarti · laun · Inggris
When the language is too fast: Langkung laun, punten — slower, please.
- langkung laun (LAHNG-koong LAH-oon) — slower
- deui (DUH-ee) — again
- Inggris (ING-grees) — English
- iasa ngabantos? (ee-AH-sah ngah-BAHN-tos) — can you help?
To say “I don't understand” in Sundanese: Abdi teu ngarti (ahb-dee tuh NGAR-tee). Built from abdi = I; teu = not; ngarti = understand.
To say “Slower, please” in Sundanese: Langkung laun, punten (LAHNG-koong LAH-oon, POON-ten). Built from langkung laun = slower; punten = please.
To say “Can you help me?” in Sundanese: Tiasa ngabantos abdi? (tee-AH-sah ngah-BAHN-tos ahb-dee). Built from tiasa = can you; ngabantos = help; abdi = me.
To say “Do you speak English?” in Sundanese: Anjeun tiasa nyarios Inggris? (ahn-JUHN tee-AH-sah nyah-REE-os ING-grees). Built from anjeun tiasa nyarios = do you speak; Inggris = English.
Common mistakes and things to watch out for
- sampurasun (sam-poo-RAH-soon): respectful hello.
Culture and etiquette
West Java's own language
Sundanese (Basa Sunda) is the language of West Java, spoken by tens of millions. It is the second-largest language in Indonesia — but it is its own language, not a dialect of Indonesian.
A cultural heart
Sundanese culture centres on the Sunda region: wayang golek puppets, the angklung and the kacapi zither, and the jaipong dance. The Sundanese are known for being warm and courteous (santun).
Politeness levels
Sundanese has speech registers (undak-usuk basa): a humble form, a middle form, and a polite form for elders and strangers. Using 'abdi' (I) and 'anjeun' (you) is polite and safe.
Warung culture
A warung is a small family-run shop or café — the heart of daily life. Order tea, coffee and snacks while sitting on a bench. A friendly 'halo' and a smile go a long way.
Volcanoes & rice terraces
West Java is volcanic and fertile, with hot springs, tea plantations and terraced rice fields. Mount Tangkuban Parahu, near Bandung, is a famous volcano — and Bandung is the cultural heart of the Sundanese.
Sundanese and Indonesian
Most Sundanese people also speak Indonesian. If you know Indonesian you'll recognize a lot of words, but Sundanese is a separate language with its own sounds (the 'eu' vowel) and its own politeness system.
Example dialogues
At a warung
You: Wilujeng énjing! Abdi hoyong entéh, punten. (wee-LOO-juhng EN-jeeng, ahb-dee HOY-yong un-TEH, POON-ten) — Good morning! I want tea, please.
Seller: Mangga. Panas atawa tiis? (MAHNG-gah, PAH-nahs ah-TAH-wah TEE-ees) — Sure. Hot or cold?
You: Tiis, hatur nuhun. (TEE-ees, HAH-toor NOO-hoon) — Cold, thank you.
Seller: Ieu. Tiga rébu. (ee-UH, TEE-gah RAY-boo) — Here. Three thousand.
You: Hatur nuhun! Wilujeng. (HAH-toor NOO-hoon, wee-LOO-juhng) — Thanks! Bye.
On the angkot
You: Punten, ieu angkat ka stasion? (POON-ten, ee-UH AHNG-kat kah stah-SYON) — Excuse me, does this go to the station?
Driver: Leres. Naék. (luh-REHS, nah-EHK) — Yes. Hop in.
You: Sabaraha? (sah-bah-RAH-hah) — How much?
Driver: Lima rébu. (LEE-mah RAY-boo) — Five thousand.
You: Mangga, hatur nuhun. (MAHNG-gah, HAH-toor NOO-hoon) — Okay, thank you.
At an eatery
Waiter: Wilujeng sumping! Bade pesen naon? (wee-LOO-juhng SOOM-peeng, bah-DEH puh-SEN NAH-on) — Welcome! What would you like to order?
You: Abdi hoyong sangu sareng lauk. (ahb-dee HOY-yong SANG-goo SAH-rehng LAH-ook) — I want rice and fish.
You: Sareng cai, punten. (SAH-rehng CHAI, POON-ten) — And water, please.
Waiter: Mangga. Sakedap. (MAHNG-gah, sah-kuh-DAHP) — Sure. A moment.
You: Ngeunah pisan! Hatur nuhun. (nguh-NAH PEE-sahn, HAH-toor NOO-hoon) — Very delicious! Thank you.
Written by the LanguagePath editorial team from our own course material. Pronunciation guides are approximate English respellings; tap any phrase in the app above to hear it. Native-speaker review of every course is ongoing — tell us if you spot an error.