Learning Tagalog: a practical guide
This is a written companion to the free Tagalog course on LanguagePath: what the language is like, how it sounds, the phrases you will use first, how the course is structured, and what to watch out for. Everything here comes from the same lessons you can practise interactively above.
What Tagalog is like
Tagalog is friendly to learn: there are no genders and no verb forms that change for each person like in Spanish. Word order is flexible — Gusto ko ng kape = "I want coffee" (literally "want I [marker] coffee"). Instead of 'a'/'the', Tagalog uses small markers: ang (the subject), ng (object / possessive), sa (to / at / in). ko = my/I, mo = your, niya = his/her. Add po to be polite, especially to elders — Salamat po. Questions often open with a question word: ano (what), saan (where), kailan (when), bakit (why), magkano (how much).
Words you may already know
Pronunciation notes
Tagalog is written in the Latin alphabet and mostly said the way it's spelled. Nail these few sounds and you can read almost any word aloud.
- a — as in "father" — open and full, never the short "cat" sound, as in araw = AH-raw.
- e — as in "bed", as in mesa = MEH-sah.
- i — as in "machine", as in isa = EE-sah.
- o — as in "go", as in opo = OH-poh.
- u — as in "boot", as in umuulan = oo-moo-AH-lahn.
- ng — the nasal "ng" as in "singer" — one sound, not two letters, as in maraming = mah-RAH-meeng.
- k — crisp hard "k", a little lighter than English, as in kumusta = koo-moos-TAH.
- r — a single tap of the tongue, lightly rolled, as in Rizal = ree-SAL.
First phrases
The pocket phrases below are the ones learners reach for most often. Say each one out loud a few times before moving on.
| Tagalog | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Kumusta? | koo-moos-TAH | How are you? |
| Magandang umaga | mah-gahn-DAHNG oo-MAH-gah | Good morning |
| Magandang gabi | mah-gahn-DAHNG gah-BEE | Good evening / night |
| Paalam | pah-AH-lahm | Goodbye |
| Ako si Alex | ah-KOH see | I am Alex |
| Anong pangalan mo? | ah-NONG pah-ngah-LAHN moh | What's your name? |
| Salamat | sah-LAH-maht | Thank you |
| Maraming salamat | mah-RAH-meeng sah-LAH-maht | Thanks a lot |
| Walang anuman | WAH-lahng ah-noo-MAHN | You're welcome |
| Paki | pah-KEE | Please |
| Pasensya na | pah-SEHN-shah nah | Sorry / excuse me |
| Oo | OH-oh | Yes |
| Hindi | HEEN-dee | No |
| Isa | EE-sah | 1 |
| Dalawa | dah-LAH-wah | 2 |
| Tatlo | tat-LOH | 3 |
| Apat | AH-paht | 4 |
| Lima | LEE-mah | 5 |
| Anim | AH-neem | 6 |
| Pito | PEE-toh | 7 |
| Walo | WAH-loh | 8 |
| Siyam | shee-YAHM | 9 |
| Sampu | sahm-POO | 10 |
| Gusto ko ng kape | GOOS-toh koh nahng KAH-peh | I want coffee |
| Tubig | TOO-beeg | Water |
| Kanin | KAH-neen | Rice |
| Masarap | mah-SAH-rahp | Delicious |
| Saan ang banyo? | sah-AHN ahng BAHN-yoh | Where is the bathroom? |
| Kanan | KAH-nahn | To the right |
| Kaliwa | kah-LEE-wah | To the left |
How the Tagalog course is structured
The course has 16 short lessons that build on each other. Each one introduces a few new pieces and then asks you to construct sentences you have never seen, before revealing the answer:
- Greetings & being polite — kumusta · magandang umaga · paalam
- Being polite — salamat · paki · walang anuman · po
- Numbers 1–10 — isa · dalawa · tatlo · sampu
- I want" — gusto ko — gusto ko · ng · ayoko · sige
- Food & drink — kape · tubig · kanin · masarap
- Getting around — saan ang · kanan · kaliwa · diretso
- Questions & "do you have…?" — ano · sino · kailan · may · pwede
- Family & people — pamilya · nanay · tatay · kaibigan
- Time, days & weather — ngayon · bukas · umuulan · panahon
- Your name — ako si · pangalan · anong pangalan mo?
- Getting help — tulong · kailangan ko ng tulong · hindi ko maintindihan
- Tying it together — a capstone day out
- Airport & tickets — paliparan · pasaporte · tiket · lipad
- The taxi — taksi · pumunta · hotel · tumigil
- The hotel — reserbasyon · kuwarto · susi · gabi
- Ask for help — hindi ko maintindihan · mas mabagal · Ingles
Inside the lessons
Here is how a few of the lessons explain the language, with worked examples and the word-by-word breakdown the course uses.
Greetings & being polite
Key pieces: kumusta · magandang umaga · paalam
Start with the greeting you'll hear first: kumusta — how are you? It comes from Spanish "¿cómo está?". Say it out loud.
- Kumusta? (koo-moos-TAH) — How are you? Memory hook: kumusta ≈ Spanish "¿cómo está?".
- Magandang umaga (mah-gahn-DAHNG oo-MAH-gah) — good morning
- Magandang gabi (mah-gahn-DAHNG gah-BEE) — good evening / night
- Paalam (pah-AH-lahm) — goodbye
- Sige (SEE-geh) — OK / go ahead
To say “Hello, how are you?” in Tagalog: Kumusta? (koo-moos-TAH). Built from kumusta = how are you?.
To greet by time of day: magandang umaga — good morning. Maganda means "beautiful/good", so it's literally "beautiful morning".
To say “Good morning!” in Tagalog: Magandang umaga! (mah-gahn-DAHNG oo-MAH-gah). Built from magandang = beautiful/good; umaga = morning.
To say “Goodbye!” in Tagalog: Paalam! (pah-AH-lahm). Built from paalam = goodbye.
Being polite
Key pieces: salamat · paki · walang anuman · po
The two words that open every door: salamat (thank you) and paki (please). Say them out loud.
- Salamat (sah-LAH-maht) — thank you
- Maraming salamat (mah-RAH-meeng sah-LAH-maht) — thanks a lot
- Walang anuman (WAH-lahng ah-noo-MAHN) — you're welcome
- Paki (pah-KEE) — please
- Pasensya na (pah-SEHN-shah nah) — sorry / excuse me
- Oo (OH-oh) — yes
- Hindi (HEEN-dee) — no
To say “Thank you” in Tagalog: Salamat (sah-LAH-maht). Built from salamat = thank you.
To thank someone a lot, say maraming salamat — literally "many thanks".
To say “Thank you very much” in Tagalog: Maraming salamat (mah-RAH-meeng sah-LAH-maht). Built from maraming = many; salamat = thanks.
Add po after words to be polite, especially to elders: Salamat po. And reply to a thank-you with walang anuman — you're welcome.
To say “You're welcome” in Tagalog: Walang anuman (WAH-lahng ah-noo-MAHN). Built from walang = no; anuman = anything.
Numbers 1–10
Key pieces: isa · dalawa · tatlo · sampu
Start counting: isa, dalawa, tatlo — one, two, three.
- Isa (EE-sah) — 1
- Dalawa (dah-LAH-wah) — 2
- Tatlo (tat-LOH) — 3
- Apat (AH-paht) — 4
- Lima (LEE-mah) — 5
- Anim (AH-neem) — 6
- Pito (PEE-toh) — 7
- Walo (WAH-loh) — 8
- Siyam (shee-YAHM) — 9
- Sampu (sahm-POO) — 10
To say “One” in Tagalog: Isa (EE-sah). Built from isa = one.
To count money, use a number + piso (peso). Limang piso = five pesos.
To say “Five pesos” in Tagalog: Limang piso (LEE-mahng PEE-soh). Built from limang = five; piso = peso.
To ask a price, use Magkano? — how much?
To say “How much is this?” in Tagalog: Magkano ito? (mag-KAH-noh EE-toh). Built from magkano = how much; ito = this.
I want" — gusto ko
Key pieces: gusto ko · ng · ayoko · sige
To say what you want: gusto ko — I want (literally "I like"). Gusto ko ng kape = I want coffee.
- Gusto ko (GOOS-toh koh) — I want
- Gusto ko ng… (GOOS-toh koh nahng) — I want a…
- Ayoko (ah-YOH-koh) — I don't want
- Sige (SEE-geh) — OK
- Gusto mo? (GOOS-toh moh) — do you want?
To say “I want coffee” in Tagalog: Gusto ko ng kape (GOOS-toh koh nahng KAH-peh). Built from gusto ko = I want; ng = (marker); kape = coffee.
ng is a small marker connecting you to the thing you want. And to say you don't want something, use ayoko .
To say “I don't want” in Tagalog: Ayoko (ah-YOH-koh). Built from ayoko = I don't want.
To say “I want water” in Tagalog: Gusto ko ng tubig (GOOS-toh koh nahng TOO-beeg). Built from gusto ko = I want; tubig = water.
Food & drink
Key pieces: kape · tubig · kanin · masarap
Eating and drinking: kape (coffee), tubig (water), kanin (rice) — the staple of every meal.
- Kape (KAH-peh) — coffee
- Tubig (TOO-beeg) — water
- Kanin (KAH-neen) — rice
- Mesa (MEH-sah) — table Memory hook: mesa ≈ Spanish "mesa" (table).
- Silya (SEE-lyah) — chair Memory hook: silya ≈ Spanish "silla" (chair).
- Masarap (mah-SAH-rahp) — delicious
To say “I want rice” in Tagalog: Gusto ko ng kanin (GOOS-toh koh nahng KAH-neen). Built from gusto ko = I want; kanin = rice.
Masarap — delicious! Say it when the food is good.
To say “It's delicious!” in Tagalog: Masarap! (mah-SAH-rahp). Built from masarap = delicious.
To say “Water, please” in Tagalog: Tubig, paki (TOO-beeg, pah-KEE). Built from tubig = water; paki = please.
Getting around
Key pieces: saan ang · kanan · kaliwa · diretso
To find your way, ask Saan ang…? — where is…?
- Saan ang…? (sah-AHN ahng) — Where is…?
- Kanan (KAH-nahn) — to the right
- Kaliwa (kah-LEE-wah) — to the left
- Diretso (dee-REH-tsoh) — straight ahead
- Banyo (BAHN-yoh) — the bathroom Memory hook: banyo ≈ English "bathroom".
- Palengke (pah-LEHNG-keh) — the market
To say “Where is the bathroom?” in Tagalog: Saan ang banyo? (sah-AHN ahng BAHN-yoh). Built from saan = where; ang = the; banyo = bathroom.
To say “Where is the market?” in Tagalog: Saan ang palengke? (sah-AHN ahng pah-LEHNG-keh). Built from saan = where; ang = the; palengke = market.
Kumanan = turn right, kumaliwa = turn left. Straight ahead is diretso .
To say “Straight ahead” in Tagalog: Diretso (dee-REH-tsoh). Built from diretso = straight ahead.
Questions & "do you have…?"
Key pieces: ano · sino · kailan · may · pwede
Tagalog question words: ano (what), saan (where), kailan (when), bakit (why).
- Ano (ah-NOH) — what
- Sino (see-NOH) — who
- Kailan (kah-EE-lahn) — when
- Bakit (BAH-keet) — why
- Paano (pah-AH-noh) — how
- May…? (may) — is there / do you have…?
- Pwede…? (PWEH-deh) — may I / can I…? Memory hook: pwede ≈ Spanish "puede".
To say “What is this?” in Tagalog: Ano ito? (ah-NOH EE-toh). Built from ano = what; ito = this.
May…? asks "is there…?" and it's extremely handy. May wifi? = is there wifi?
To say “Is there wifi?” in Tagalog: May wifi? (may WEE-fee). Built from may = is there; wifi = wifi.
Pwede…? = may I / can I…? It comes from Spanish "puede".
To say “Who is that?” in Tagalog: Sino iyon? (see-NOH ee-YON). Built from sino = who; iyon = that.
Family & people
Key pieces: pamilya · nanay · tatay · kaibigan
Family is central in the Philippines: pamilya (family), nanay (mother), tatay (father).
- Pamilya (pah-MEEL-yah) — family Memory hook: pamilya ≈ Spanish "familia".
- Nanay / Ina (NAH-nai / EE-nah) — mother
- Tatay / Ama (TAH-tai / AH-mah) — father
- Kuya (KOO-yah) — older brother
- Ate (AH-teh) — older sister
- Anak (ah-NAK) — child
- Kaibigan (kah-ee-BEE-gahn) — friend
To say “I have a family” in Tagalog: May pamilya ako (may pah-MEEL-yah ah-KOH). Built from may = have/there is; pamilya = family; ako = I.
Kuya is what you call an older brother and ate an older sister — people use them for friends and strangers too, as a sign of warmth.
To say “This is my friend” in Tagalog: Ito ang kaibigan ko (EE-toh ahng kah-ee-BEE-gahn koh). Built from ito = this; ang = the; kaibigan ko = my friend.
To say “My family” in Tagalog: Ang pamilya ko (ahng pah-MEEL-yah koh). Built from ang = the; pamilya ko = my family.
Time, days & weather
Key pieces: ngayon · bukas · umuulan · panahon
Time words: ngayon (now / today), bukas (tomorrow), kahapon (yesterday).
- Ngayon (nah-GYON) — now / today
- Bukas (BOO-kahs) — tomorrow
- Kahapon (kah-HAH-pon) — yesterday
- Umaga (oo-MAH-gah) — morning
- Gabi (gah-BEE) — night
- Linggo (LEENG-goh) — week / Sunday
- Biyernes (bee-YER-nes) — Friday Memory hook: biyernes ≈ Spanish "viernes".
To say “See you tomorrow” in Tagalog: Kita bukas (KEE-tah BOO-kahs). Built from kita = see you; bukas = tomorrow.
To talk about the weather, ask Kumusta ang panahon? — how is the weather? Umuulan = it's raining.
To say “It's raining” in Tagalog: Umuulan (oo-moo-AH-lahn). Built from umuulan = it is raining.
Mainit = hot, malamig = cold, maaraw = sunny.
To say “It's hot” in Tagalog: Mainit (mah-EE-neet). Built from mainit = hot.
Your name
Key pieces: ako si · pangalan · anong pangalan mo?
Introduce yourself: Ako si… — I am… Say Ako si Alex to say your name.
To say “My name is Alex” in Tagalog: Ako si Alex (ah-KOH see Alex). Built from ako = I; si = (name marker); Alex = your name.
To ask someone's name: Anong pangalan mo? — literally "what name is yours?".
To say “What's your name?” in Tagalog: Anong pangalan mo? (ah-NONG pah-ngah-LAHN moh). Built from anong = what; pangalan mo = your name.
To say “Pleased to meet you” in Tagalog: Masaya akong makilala ka (mah-SAH-yah ah-KONG mah-kee-LAH-lah kah). Built from masaya = happy; makilala = to meet; ka = you.
Getting help
Key pieces: tulong · kailangan ko ng tulong · hindi ko maintindihan
If you need help fast, shout Tulong! or Saklolo! — help!
- Tulong! / Saklolo! (too-LONG / sak-LOH-loh) — Help!
- Kailangan ko ng tulong (kah-ee-LAH-ngahn koh nahng too-LONG) — I need help
- Doktor (dok-TOR) — the doctor Memory hook: doktor ≈ English "doctor".
- Ospital (os-pee-TAHL) — the hospital Memory hook: ospital ≈ English "hospital".
- Hindi ko maintindihan (HEEN-dee koh mah-een-teen-DEE-hahn) — I don't understand
- Hindi ko alam (HEEN-dee koh ah-LAHM) — I don't know
To say “Help!” in Tagalog: Tulong! (too-LONG). Built from tulong = help.
To say you don't understand: Hindi ko maintindihan . And Hindi ko alam = I don't know.
To say “I need help” in Tagalog: Kailangan ko ng tulong (kah-ee-LAH-ngahn koh nahng too-LONG). Built from kailangan = need; ko = I; ng tulong = help.
Tying it together
Key pieces: a capstone day out
You've built a real toolbox! This capstone uses only words you've met. Build each line yourself before revealing it.
To say “Good morning! How are you?” in Tagalog: Magandang umaga! Kumusta? (mah-gahn-DAHNG oo-MAH-gah, koo-moos-TAH). Built from magandang umaga = good morning; kumusta = how are you?.
To say “I'm well, thank you” in Tagalog: Mabuti naman, salamat (mah-BOO-tee nah-MAHN, sah-LAH-maht). Built from mabuti = well; naman = (softener); salamat = thanks.
To say “I want coffee and rice, please” in Tagalog: Gusto ko ng kape at kanin, paki (GOOS-toh koh nahng KAH-peh aht KAH-neen, pah-KEE). Built from gusto ko = I want; at = and; kanin = rice; paki = please.
To say “How much is this?” in Tagalog: Magkano ito? (mag-KAH-noh EE-toh). Built from magkano = how much; ito = this.
Airport & tickets
Key pieces: paliparan · pasaporte · tiket · lipad
You have landed. The building is the paliparan . Your document is a pasaporte .
- paliparan (pah-lee-PAH-rahn) — the airport
- pasaporte (pah-sah-POR-teh) — the passport
- tiket (TEE-ket) — the ticket
- lipad (LEE-pahd) — the flight
- gate (gayt) — the gate
To say “Where is the airport?” in Tagalog: Saan ang paliparan? (sah-AHN ahng pah-lee-PAH-rahn). Built from saan = where; ang paliparan = the airport.
To say “Here is my passport” in Tagalog: Ito ang pasaporte ko (EE-toh ahng pah-sah-POR-teh koh). Built from ito = here is; pasaporte ko = my passport.
To say “A ticket, please” in Tagalog: Isang tiket, paki (EE-sahng TEE-ket, pah-KEE). Built from isang tiket = a ticket; paki = please.
To say “Where is the gate?” in Tagalog: Saan ang gate? (sah-AHN ahng gayt). Built from saan = where; ang gate = the gate.
The taxi
Key pieces: taksi · pumunta · hotel · tumigil
The driver is waiting. taksi is the word you need. Tell them where to go with gusto kong pumunta .
- taksi (TAHK-see) — the taxi
- tsuper (TSOO-per) — the driver
- gusto kong pumunta (GOOS-toh kong poo-MOON-tah) — I want to go
- tumigil dito (too-MEE-gil DEE-toh) — stop here
To say “Taxi, please” in Tagalog: Taksi, paki (TAHK-see, pah-KEE). Built from taksi = taxi; paki = please.
To say “I want to go to the hotel” in Tagalog: Gusto kong pumunta sa hotel (GOOS-toh kong poo-MOON-tah sah hoh-TEL). Built from gusto kong pumunta = I want to go; sa hotel = to the hotel.
To say “Stop here, please” in Tagalog: Tumigil dito, paki (too-MEE-gil DEE-toh, pah-KEE). Built from tumigil dito = stop here; paki = please.
To say “How much is it?” in Tagalog: Magkano ito? (mag-KAH-noh EE-toh). Built from magkano = how much; ito = this.
The hotel
Key pieces: reserbasyon · kuwarto · susi · gabi
At the desk: May reserbasyon ako — I have a reservation.
- hotel (hoh-TEL) — the hotel
- reserbasyon (reh-sehr-bah-SYOHN) — the reservation
- kuwarto (KWAR-toh) — the room
- susi (SOO-see) — the key
- isang gabi (EE-sahng gah-BEE) — one night
To say “I have a reservation” in Tagalog: May reserbasyon ako (may reh-sehr-bah-SYOHN ah-KOH). Built from may = have; reserbasyon = a reservation; ako = I.
To say “A room for one night, please” in Tagalog: Isang kuwarto para sa isang gabi, paki (EE-sahng KWAR-toh PAH-rah sah EE-sahng gah-BEE, pah-KEE). Built from isang kuwarto = a room; isang gabi = one night; paki = please.
To say “The key, please” in Tagalog: Ang susi, paki (ahng SOO-see, pah-KEE). Built from ang susi = the key; paki = please.
To say “Where is my room?” in Tagalog: Saan ang kuwarto ko? (sah-AHN ahng KWAR-toh koh). Built from saan = where; kuwarto ko = my room.
Ask for help
Key pieces: hindi ko maintindihan · mas mabagal · Ingles
When the language is too fast: Mas mabagal, paki — slower, please.
- mas mabagal (mahs mah-BAH-gahl) — slower
- ulit (oo-LEET) — again
- Ingles (ING-les) — English
- puwede mo ba akong tulungan? (PWEH-deh moh bah ah-KONG too-loo-NGAHN) — can you help?
To say “I don't understand” in Tagalog: Hindi ko maintindihan (HEEN-dee koh mah-een-teen-DEE-hahn). Built from hindi ko = I don't; maintindihan = understand.
To say “Slower, please” in Tagalog: Mas mabagal, paki (mahs mah-BAH-gahl, pah-KEE). Built from mas mabagal = slower; paki = please.
To say “Can you help me?” in Tagalog: Puwede mo ba akong tulungan? (PWEH-deh moh bah ah-KONG too-loo-NGAHN). Built from puwede mo ba = can you; akong tulungan = help me.
To say “Do you speak English?” in Tagalog: Marunong ka ba ng Ingles? (mah-ROO-nong kah bah nahng ING-les). Built from marunong ka ba = do you know; Ingles = English.
Culture and etiquette
Kumusta opens every door
A warm kumusta! and a smile go a long way. Filipinos are famously hospitable — greeting someone in Tagalog lights up the conversation, even if you switch to English after.
Respect with po & opo
Add po to show respect, especially to elders: Salamat po. Use opo for a polite yes and sprinkle po freely — it marks you as well-mannered.
Ride the jeepney
The jeepney is the Philippines' iconic shared taxi. Climb in, pass your fare forward with a "bayad po", and say a loud "para po" when you want to get off. It's an adventure in itself.
Spanish hiding in the words
After centuries of contact, Spanish left a huge imprint: kumusta (cómo está), mesa, silya, doktor, pamilya. Spot the pattern and you've unlocked free vocab.
Family comes first
Family is everything. You'll hear kuya (older brother) and ate (older sister) used for friends and even strangers — a sign of closeness and respect.
Palengke & tipping
At the market (palengke) light, friendly bargaining is normal. In restaurants a small tip or rounding up is appreciated — never expected.
Example dialogues
At a café
You: Kumusta! Gusto ko ng kape. (koo-moos-TAH, GOOS-toh koh nahng KAH-peh) — Hello! I want a coffee.
Barista: Sige po. Mainit o may yelo? (SEE-geh poh, mah-EE-neet oh may YEH-loh) — Sure. Hot or iced?
You: May yelo, salamat. Magkano? (may YEH-loh, sah-LAH-maht, mag-KAH-noh) — Iced, thanks. How much?
Barista: Isandaang piso po. (ee-sahn-DAH-ahng PEE-soh poh) — One hundred pesos.
You: Salamat po! (sah-LAH-maht poh) — Thanks!
On the jeepney
You: Saan ang jeepney papuntang palengke? (sah-AHN ahng jeep-NAY pah-poon-TAHNG pah-LEHNG-keh) — Where is the jeepney going to the market?
Driver: Dito, sumakay ka. (DEE-toh, soo-MAH-kai kah) — Here, hop on.
You: Magkano ang pamasahe? (mag-KAH-noh ahng pah-mah-SAH-heh) — How much is the fare?
Driver: Labinlimang piso. (lah-been-LEE-mahng PEE-soh) — Fifteen pesos.
You: Sige, salamat! (SEE-geh, sah-LAH-maht) — Okay, thanks!
At a restaurant
Waiter: Kumusta! Ilan po kayo? (koo-moos-TAH, EE-lahn poh kah-YOH) — Hello! How many of you?
You: Dalawa po. (dah-LAH-wah poh) — Two.
You: Gusto ko ng menu, paki. (GOOS-toh koh nahng meh-NOO, pah-KEE) — I'd like the menu, please.
Waiter: Ito po. (EE-toh poh) — Here you are.
You: Gusto ko ng kanin at manok. (GOOS-toh koh nahng KAH-neen aht mah-NOK) — I want rice and chicken.
Waiter: Magandang pili! Masarap po. (mah-gahn-DAHNG pee-LEE, mah-SAH-rahp poh) — Good choice! It's delicious.
Written by the LanguagePath editorial team from our own course material. Pronunciation guides are approximate English respellings; tap any phrase in the app above to hear it. Native-speaker review of every course is ongoing — tell us if you spot an error.